How to Make Thermoelectric Generator at Home Plans

A thermoelectric generator (TEG), also called a Seebeck generator, is a solid state device that converts heat flux (temperature differences) directly into electrical energy through a phenomenon called the Seebeck effect (a form of thermoelectric effect). Thermoelectric generators function like heat engines, but are less bulky and have no moving parts. However, TEGs are typically more expensive and less efficient.

Conversely, when a voltage is applied to it, it creates a temperature difference. At the atomic scale, an applied temperature gradient causes charge carriers in the material to diffuse from the hot side to the cold side.

For this thermo-electric generator you will need:
A thermoelectric module or Peltier module: HERE

A 1w led:HERE

Aluminium radiators

DC-DC boost converter :Here

Now we have to assemble all the parts its very easy no special skills required place the candle in the middle and you are ready to generate electricity approx 4 hours with just one tea light candle.

In order to make this thermoelectric generator, we will need more components

-Metal penholder to sustain the radiators and Peltier cell

-A dc-dc boost converter 0.9v to 5v not the regular one from 3.5-5v

And we will assemble all the components as follow:

The Peltier cell/cells in between the aluminum radiators the small one will be the hot side and the bigger one the cold side, after experimenting i did find out that best to place the Peltier cells with the numbers facing the cold side and the wires will attach them to the dc-dc boost converter module.Our load will be a 1w led bulb.

We are close to firing up our thermoelectric generator but first, i will tell you some measurements

The short circuit current for one cell is 0.2A and the voltage 1,3V this without ventilation

but we have to take into consideration if we have in mind to put multiple cells in series the resistance will add

and will not get the same amount of current this type of Peltier has a 2-4ohm internal resistance,

Place the candle in the middle and you are ready to generate electricity approx 4 hours with just one tea light candle.

Using thermoelectric modules, a thermoelectric system generates power by
taking in heat from a source such as a hot exhaust flue. In order to do that, the system needs a large temperature gradient, which is not easy in real-world applications. The cold side must be cooled by air or water. Heat exchangers are used on both sides of the modules to supply this heating and cooling.

The typical efficiency of TEGs is around 5–8%. Older devices used
bimetallic junctions and were bulky. More recent devices use highly doped semiconductors made from bismuth telluride (Bi2Te3), lead telluride (PbTe), calcium manganese oxide (Ca2Mn3O8), or combinations thereof, depending on temperature. These are solid-state devices and unlike dynamos have no moving parts, with the occasional exception of a fan or pump. For a discussion of the factors determining and limiting efficiency, and ongoing efforts to improve the efficiency, see the article Thermoelectric materials - Device efficiency.

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